March 3, 2000
 

        Giuliani Says Latest Bronx
        Shooting by Police Isn't Another
        Diallo Case

        By ROBERT D. McFADDEN and JUAN FORERO

            The Bronx neighborhood where Amadou Diallo
            died mourned yesterday for yet another unarmed
        man who died in a confrontation with the police, but
        Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani cast the case as starkly
        different, saying the victim had a history of drug crimes,
        was carrying heroin and had fled from and struggled
        with an officer.

        As the killing confronted City Hall and New Yorkers
        with new questions over police conduct, Mr. Diallo's
        parents and the Rev. Al Sharpton met with Justice
        Department officials in Washington to press for the
        filing of federal civil rights charges against the four
        officers acquitted in Mr. Diallo's death a year ago.

        Disputing new allegations of overly aggressive police
        tactics, Mr. Giuliani and his senior police officials took
        some pains yesterday to reconstruct and explain the
        death of Malcolm Ferguson, 23, who was killed
        Wednesday night by a plainclothes officer, Louis
        Rivera, 33, at 1045 Boynton Avenue, two blocks from
        the doorway where Mr. Diallo died.

        Unlike Mr. Diallo, a black man with no criminal record
        who was standing in his doorway and killed in a hail of
        41 bullets by four white officers who said they mistook
        his wallet for a gun, Mr. Ferguson, who had been in and
        out of jail, ran as officers approached him and
        identified themselves, and was shot once in the head as
        he grappled with the pursuing officer on a dark
        stairway.

        The police noted that Mr. Ferguson was black, while
        the officer who shot him is Hispanic, and the four
        officers with him at the time included two white men
        and two black men. Senior police officials said that
        there appeared to be no racial implications in the case,
        as critics saw in the Diallo case.

        "It was a totally different situation," Mayor Giuliani
        said. He called the dead man "a serious criminal" with
        nine prior arrests and said: "The police have to arrest
        drug dealers. If police officers act in the line of duty to
        protect a community from violent criminals and drug
        dealers, then that community should stand up and
        support them."

        But friends and relatives of Mr. Ferguson disputed
        aspects of the police version of events, and expressed
        anguish over what they called the needless death of a
        young man who was troubled but not violent,
        quiet-spoken, friendly, easy-going, and even
        trustworthy as a baby-sitter.

        More than 200 people gathered last night for a peaceful
        protest outside the building where Mr. Ferguson died.
        And as candles flickered over flowers banked in a
        makeshift shrine on the doorstep, an anguished mother,
        Juanita Young, insisted that her son's death was more
        than a terrible accident, and could not be justified by
        his criminal record.

        "They murdered my son," she said in a brief interview.
        "That's it. They murdered my son. The mayor is going
        to judge a person just by what's on a piece of paper?
        What they're saying about him is a stone-faced lie. That
        boy was human, like you and me. They didn't have to
        kill him."

        There were signs taped to the door, proclaiming,
        "Malcolm we love you" and "Justice for Malcolm.
        Another bore the pictures of people shot by the police
        in New York in recent years. "We're not here to fight
        the police, we're here to protest," one speaker shouted
        as scores of officers stood by silently.

        According to the police, Mr. Ferguson lived in the
        South Bronx, but spent most of his time with friends at
        1045 Boynton Avenue, a four-storytenement. It is
        midway on a block of similar buildings scarred by
        decades of neglect and by what the police call a culture
        of drugs.

        The police said they had made 144 drug arrests on the
        block since 1997, and 86 of them have been at 1045
        Boynton. Within recent weeks, after making several
        heroin buys at the building, undercover officers raided
        a second-floor flat and arrested Julio Reyes, 24, and
        William Cadiz, 18, both friends of Mr. Ferguson.

        Mr. Reyes and Mr. Cadiz, free on bail pending their
        trials, had spent the afternoon Wednesday with Mr.
        Ferguson, and all three were in the lobby together when
        the events of the fatal confrontation began to unfold, the
        police said.

        Officer Rivera, a police officer since 1995 who has
        had two unsubstantiated civilian complaints and four
        citations for excellent or meritorious duty, is normally
        assigned to the department's housing division street
        narcotics unit, but was working Wednesday night with a
        unit that patrols housing projects on the lookout for drug
        sales, public drinking or other problems.

        He and four other plainclothes team members --
        Officers Kevin Woods, Sean Ianucci, Joel Brathwaite
        and Kenneth Washington -- were walking to the Bronx
        River Houses nearby and were passing 1045 Boynton
        about 6:20 p.m. when Officer Ianucci saw three men
        inside the doorway and signaled that he had seen some
        suspicious activity.

        The door opened as Officer Rivera approached,
        apparently because someone was exiting. Before the
        door slammed shut, however, Officer Rivera rushed
        forward and squeezed in. As he did so, the police said,
        Mr. Ferguson bolted down a 45-foot hallway.

        While two other officers entered and put Mr. Cadiz and
        Mr. Reyes up against a wall to frisk them, Officer
        Rivera drew his gun, a 16-shot Smith & Wesson
        semiautomatic, and chased Mr. Ferguson along the hall,
        only steps behind.

        A turn to the left at the end of the hall brought the
        fugitive and his pursuer to the dark stairway. From that
        point, Mr. Ferguson and Officer Rivera were alone,
        and could no longer be seen by the others.

        The two men raced up toward the second floor. But
        before reaching the second floor, a struggle occurred
        and Officer Rivera's gun discharged once, the police
        said. The bullet struck Mr. Ferguson in the left temple,
        and he slumped dead across the top few steps, his right
        arm draped over the black and white tiles on the second
        floor and his head slumped toward the railing.

        Officer Rivera, invoking a right of police officers to
        remain silent for 48 hours, has not been interviewed
        about what happened. But investigators, going on
        physical evidence at the scene and accounts of two
        witnesses in an adjacent building who saw part of the
        events through a window on a landing, said that there
        appeared to be little doubt that Mr. Ferguson was killed
        in a struggle.

        The witnesses, they said, saw the struggle, though not
        the shooting.

----------------

March 3, 2000
 

        Police Saw a Drug Criminal;
        Neighbors Saw a Quiet Man

        By KEVIN FLYNN

            lthough he lived several miles away, Malcolm
            Ferguson had, for good or for bad, adopted
        Boynton Avenue in the Bronx, where he was shot by a
        police officer on Wednesday night, as his home.

        Two or three days a week, typically beginning in the
        late morning, Mr. Ferguson would hang out on the block
        of brick apartment buildings in the Soundview section,
        residents said. He usually stood in front of 1045
        Boynton, often listening to music on his headphones, at
        times playing dice with his friends, and often,
        according to investigators, dealing drugs.

        Five times in the last five years, Mr. Ferguson, 23, had
        been arrested on the block and charged with felony
        drug crimes. Two of the arrests occurred in the
        four-story building in which he was shot. The police
        said there had been 86 drug-related arrests in that
        building in the last three years.

        Investigators said that on Wednesday night, when the
        police searched Mr. Ferguson's body, they found six
        packets of heroin hidden in his clothes.

        But if the police viewed Mr. Ferguson as a haunting
        presence, many residents of Boynton Avenue said they
        saw him as far from threatening. They described him as
        a quiet, easygoing man who never carried weapons,
        often carted groceries for people and took to selling
        drugs as a last resort in a difficult life.

        "He was not a problem," said Pura Purvis, 20, who
        said she was a friend of Mr. Ferguson's. "He was quiet.
        He did not bother nobody. He just did what he had to
        do to survive, to get money."

        Amy Lopez, 38, a nurse who lives in the building
        where Mr. Ferguson was shot, said: "He had a record,
        big deal. They shot him like he was a dog."

        Mr. Ferguson had been arrested nine times, the first
        time for burglary in 1994, when he was 17. He served
        three separate terms, the longest one seven months, in
        state prison. During his first term, he enrolled in a
        shock incarceration program, a military-style boot
        camp for offenders in Monterey, N.Y. But four months
        after graduating in August 1996, he was arrested on
        drug-related charges.

        Mr. Ferguson was incarcerated two subsequent times
        when the authorities revoked his parole after his arrest
        on drug charges. His latest prison term ended in
        January when he was released from a city jail after
        serving three months. He was still on parole when he
        was shot.

        Mr. Ferguson's most recent arrest occurred last Friday
        when he was charged with disorderly conduct at a
        demonstration protesting the acquittal of the four police
        officers who shot Amadou Diallo. "Malcolm had a
        conscience, and that's the reason he participated in the
        nonviolent Diallo protests," said Luther Williams, a
        lawyer representing the Ferguson family.

        Mr. Williams said the police mistreated Mr. Ferguson
        last year, when his hand was broken while he was
        being handcuffed at the 43rd Precinct station house.
        "The police ignored his injury," he said. "It wasn't until
        he got to the Bronx House of Detention when
        corrections officers noticed and sent him to the
        hospital." The police would not comment because they
        said the accusation was part of a pending lawsuit.

        None of Mr. Ferguson's arrests were for violent crimes,
        although the authorities said he had been involved in
        two prison fights for which he was punished with
        confinement to his cell and a loss of privileges.

        Although drugs are a problem on Boynton Avenue
        (there have been 144 drug-related arrests on the block
        since 1997, the police said), many residents defended
        Mr. Ferguson.

        "He was a cool guy," said Jose Augustin, 21. "He was
        always around the building when we came out and
        stuff. He never started trouble. When he'd see me
        coming down the street with my baby and the carriage,
        he'd help me."

        Often Mr. Ferguson spent time watching music videos
        with friends in the second-floor apartment of the
        building where he was shot. "He used to sit there in the
        corner and play with the kids, and wouldn't say a
        word," Louise Classen said.

        Ms. Classen's cousin, Libertad Franco, said Mr.
        Ferguson was so gentle she had named him the
        godfather of her 3-year-old daughter, for whom he
        routinely bought things, like a stroller and clothes.

        "He was always there for me," said Ms. Franco, 22.

        But even those who described themselves as Mr.
        Ferguson's close friends could not say how he had
        made his money. The police said they executed a search
        warrant in Ms. Classen's apartment last month and
        recovered 95 packets of heroin. They also arrested two
        men, Julio Reyes and William Cadiz, who were with
        Mr. Ferguson just before he was shot.

        Mr. Ferguson's own home was a five-story walkup on
        East 135th Street in the Bronx, overlooking the
        Bruckner Expressway, where he lived with his mother,
        Juanita Young, his two sisters and one of his two
        brothers. "The boy was human like you and me," his
        mother said last night. "They didn't have to kill him."

        Several friends described Mr. Ferguson as "slow,"
        saying that he often spoke in a halting manner and
        sometimes had a hard time remembering things. But
        school officials said he had attended Adlai Stevenson
        High School for several years and had received his
        high school equivalency diploma in 1996. Mr.
        Williams said that Mr. Ferguson had been talking about
        going back to school to become a paralegal.

        One former employer, Michael Bharath, 25, said that
        Mr. Ferguson had spent a year washing cars at his
        former business, Bronx Auto Spa, about two years ago.

        "He was a very nice kid. He wouldn't bother anybody,"
        Mr. Bharath said. "This is the projects, but that doesn't
        make them animals. It doesn't make them killers."