\\, which is an abbreviation for
\newline, and then give the command
\vspace{amount}, where amount is the amount of vertical
white space desired, measured in one of several available systems of
units, for example, \vspace{.25in} for measurement of
a quarter inch. The amount of white space can be specified also in
centimeters(cm), points(pt) or picas (pc). You can also produce vertical
whitespace by inserting a line that contains a blank horizontal box
To start a new page you can use the command \newpage or
the command \clearpage, which has the same effect unless
there are floating figures waiting to be inserted into the document.
The command \clearpage forces the immediate insertion of
floating figures that are waiting.
$A
\subset B$. Since some people interpret that symbolism as
meaning that A is a proper subset of B, you might prefer to
use the LaTeX code $A \subseteq B$, which will produce
the inclusion symbol with a line under it to indicate that you are
leaving open the possibility that your two sets are actually equal.
You may also want to use other set-theoretic symbols such as
the membership symbol (a modified Greek letter epsilon) which is
produced in math mode by the command \in. The negation
of membership (symbolized by a slash through the membership symbol) is
produced by the command \notin. Intersection of two
sets, A and B, is symbolized by $A \cap B$ and union by
$A \cup B$. All of these commands are to be used in math mode.
clam% history 10
We have seen how to use the history list to recall commands by using the
up arrow key to step through the list, or using, say, !la to
recall the last command that started with la.
I had mentioned that there is some danger with using the ! command completion because you might want to run latex firstfile and instead run latex secondfile. To get around that difficulty, you can look before you leap by typing at the clam% prompt:
!la:pThen the command will be displayed for you, and you can use the up arrow key or type !! to run the displayed command.
The syntax for the history reference is:
!event:words:modifiers
In the example, the event was "la", there was no "words"
argument, and the modifier was "p", which "prints" the command
without executing ( by "prints", here, one means "displays on the
terminal"). Thus, the effect of running the command was to search
the history list for the most recent command line that started with
the string "la" and simply display that command.
What do the terms mean?
more some-file-with-a-long-name emacs !$ & mail friend < !$In this example, !$ gives the last argument of the previous command. You could be more specific by using !mo:$ to recall the last argument of the most recent command that started with "mo".
Since it will be convenient to use FTP for getting LaTeX packages, we record once more some of the basic information here for users in the U.S. From a prompt, give the command line
ftp tug.ctan.orgGive your username as ftp and, for a password, give your email address. The commands dir, cd, pwd work as you would expect from your experience with UNIX systems.
The command for searching for files that contain a given string looks like this:
quote site index stringwhere the word "string" is to be replaced by the particular string you want to find, of course. You should get a listing of different paths leading to the first 20 files whose names contain the string you submitted. One thing to watch: the paths don't start from the root directory "/" but from the directory "/tex-archive/", so you first have to change directories to "/tex-archive/" to get to the path. Once you are in the directory "/tex-archive/", you should be able to see the directory that starts the path, and you change to the directory that contains the file you want.
Whatever CTAN site you choose, follow the instructions to download the draftcopy package and get it working. Start by making a directory called "draftcopy", or some such name. You'll need the files draftcopy.ins and draftcopy.doc. Run
latex draftcopy.ins
\parpic. Watch out though for the extraneous
character CTRL Z at the end of the file picins.sty
(UNIX systems). It must be removed.
The documentation file picins.doc
is written in German, but there is a short summary of the main
features of the package written in English, available as
picins.txt.
in your preamble. The optional argument\usepackage[dvips]{graphics}\usepackage{picins}
dvips with
the command \usepackage[dvips]{graphics} is not
needed on the SUN network, as dvips is the default converter from
dvi files to PostScript files on the SUN machines here. However,
the SGI network is not set up to use dvips as the default, so you
need to specify it if you are working from an SGI machine.
The argument to the \parpic command is supposed to be a LaTeX graphics box. It is not, as you might first guess, just the name of a PostScript file. You can create a latex graphics "box" from a PostScript file by using the command \includegraphics from the graphics package. Without using the savebox command, you must have the \includegraphics command as part of the required argument for \parpic, so your command plus its argument is going to be fairly complicated, especially if you want to rescale your PostScript graphic by using \scalebox (see below for information about using \scalebox).
It's a good idea to start out by using the command
\includegraphics{rabbit.ps} (or whatever in place of
rabbit.ps) by itself to make sure that it works before
using it as the argument of the \parpic command.
The only tricky part for this exercise is creating a suitable PostScript file from the GIF image, and making the correct dimension entries for the parameters in the package. On the SUN servers, such as clam you can use the xv picture editor. On the scivis server the corresponding program, imgworks, does {\em not} convert to PostScript, and we don't yet have a working program on the scivis server to do that conversion.
If your PostScript version does not naturally display at the size you want, then you can use the command \scalebox from the graphics package to match the size of the image to the dimensions that you specify in the \parpic command. The \scalebox command can be used in the argument of the \parpic command with the command \includegraphics{somefile.ps} as the second argument of \scalebox, the first argument of the \scalebox command being the scale factor.
Be sure to specify units of length if you do give dimensions.
If you have done all the above activities, and there is still time left, here are some other activities you can do.
You probably will not have time to start these during class.