1. Scientific concepts are:   a.  abstract   b.  concrete
2. Scientific concepts are best if they are:   a.  useful   b.  fundamentally true
3. Scientific concepts are usually best if they are:   a.  clear and unambiguous b.  subtle and thought provoking
4. Empirical means:   a.  observable through the senses   b.  understandable through logical analysis   c.  mathematically quantified   d.   eternally true
5. Accepting that a predicted relationship exists when it does not is a: a.  Type One Error   b.  Type Two Error
6. A positive correlation is better than a negative correlation: a.  true b.  false
7. Sociological generalizations are true:   a.  by definition   b.  by observation
8.  Operationalizing means:   a.  defining our concepts carefully   b.  seeking feasible indicators of our concepts c.  choosing data analysis techniques d.  formulating hypotheses e.  making observations
9. A constant can explain a variable: a.  true b.  false
10. The main goal of empirical research is to: a.  explain variation c.  achieve constancy
11. Test-retest is a way of measuring:  a.  reliability   b.  validity   c.  precision
12. Content, face and construct are measures of:  a.  reliability   b.  validity   c.  precision
13. The study of UFO Abductions discussed in class was a test of: a.  test-retest reliability b.  construct validity c.  construct reliability d.  precision e.  predictive validity
14. Which is a test of statistical significance:   a.  chi square b.  percentage differences c.  regression coefficient
15. The higher the absolute value of the correlation coefficient the stronger the relationship: a.  true b. false
16. The larger the "p" value, the more likely the relationship is statistically significant.