In this case, I have taken a story from the NY Time and added hyperlinks to the sites it mentioned. I've linked to Yahoo pages which have additional sites illustrating the phenomon discussed in the article. This, I think, makes the story more interesting than the original Times version which lacks hyperlinks.
Of course, you should write your own essay, not take one published elsewhere - all material used from published sources must be cited as such or you have committed plagiarism.
This essay is 1700 words, which is longer than we have asked you to write. It is an acceptable model for a hyperlink essay. Try to make your essays interesting, more like a New York Times article than an article in a scholarly journal or a traditional term paper.
On Web, Voters Reinvent Grass-Roots Activism
By LESLIE WAYNE - New York Times, May 21, 2000.
By
day, Pamela Sybrandy
works as a nurse in San
Diego. But in her free time,
she is
a cyberwarrior for Al Gore.
Part
of a growing band of grass-roots
activists, Ms. Sybrandy
has set
up a Web page -- with no
ties to
the Democratic Party or
the Gore
campaign -- to promote Mr.
Gore's views on family and
children's issues.
Until now, Ms. Sybrandy's
only
political involvement was
to
gather bumper stickers and
buttons at the local Democratic
headquarters. But this year,
she
said, she looked at her
political
participation and decided
to
"kick it up a notch" and
create a
site (www.all4gore.com)
to
promote Mr. Gore in a way
that gave her more clout.
In the 2000 election, such
independent and home-grown
Web pages, created by individual
voters with some
Web-design skills and a
little spare time, are
multiplying exponentially
and now number about 6,700.
Often rivaling the sophistication
of the official Web
sites of political parties
and candidates, these
grass-roots Web sites are
a new way for ordinary
voters to engage in the
political process -- a high-tech
version, many say, of putting
a sign in a voter's front
yard or a bumper sticker
on a car.
"It's kind of democracy at
work," said Eddie Mahe, a
Washington consultant and
former deputy chairman of
the Republican National
Committee. "Historically,
those same things have been
said in every campaign.
The difference is that they
used to be said in a bar or at
the corner coffee shop.
But now, on the Internet,
everyone has a megaphone."
In their unorganized way
and by their sheer numbers,
grass-roots Web sites are
challenging the traditional
role of the two political
parties and individual
candidates of controlling
their own messages, to direct
grass-roots activism and
to orchestrate the rhythm and
pace of a political campaign.
If the 2000 election is the
one in which the Internet
meets traditional campaigning,
it is also one in which
politicians are sorting out
whether this grass-roots
cyberactivism is a friend or
foe.
"Politicians don't know if
this will be a benefit or if it
is where they start losing
control of their campaigns,"
said Ari Schwartz, a policy
analyst at the Center for
Democracy and Technology,
a nonprofit organization in
Washington.
As of last week, 3,775 home-grown
Web
sites had the
Bush name in them and 3,066 had Mr.
Gore's name,
compared with virtually
none containing candidates'
names in the last presidential
campaign. Not all, of
course, support one of the
two candidates. Some praise,
some mock, some parody and
others simply repeat
much of what the two candidates
have said or post
news articles about them
from other sources.
So far, the Bush campaign
seems to have suffered the
greatest sting from parody
sites, particularly over
questions about whether
he used drugs.
The Bush campaign, in fact,
tried to restrict one
scathing Web site, www.gwbush.com,
arguing that the
site should be regulated
as a political committee, but
the campaign's complaint
was dismissed last month by
the Federal Election Commission.
"It's like someone walks
down the street at lunch time
and yells at the top of
their lungs that a presidential
candidate is wrong or unattractive,"
said Robert F.
Bauer, a lawyer for the
Democratic Party. "The
candidates cannot demand
a retraction or make a
citizen's arrest. This is
not different."
For the most part, however,
these sites are earnest
efforts at political activism
and, because of that, they
raise a number of tricky
issues. On one hand,
grass-roots Web sites represent
a wellspring of new
activists for candidates
and parties to tap, especially
when so many political observers
have lamented a
decline in voter participation.
But this new medium also
creates a series of what-if's
for the parties: What if
a well-meaning Web site
contains information the
candidate or party believes
misrepresents it? What if
confusion arises between
official party and candidate
Web sites and grass-roots
ones? What if some of these
Web sites contain links to
groups on the far right
or far left that a candidate would
rather not be associated
with?
And, even more basic, what
if these Web sites begin to
shift political power away
from candidates and parties
and to individuals with
a large electronic presence?
"Until now, guilt by association
was a very effective
political weapon," said
one Republican Party official.
"On the Web, heaven and
hell are only two clicks
away. To criticize a candidate
for something on a link
that is three or four sites
removed from his own Web
page will be problematic
for every political player on
the Web. They are all going
to face it."
Makers of these Web sites
do not see their activities as
a series of what-if's, but
rather as a chance to
participate in politics
-- in their own way, on their own
schedule.
"If my site was run by the
Republican National
Committee, they'd be saying,
'Do this' or, 'Don't say
that,' " said Travis Main,
a computer technician in
Eugene, Ore., who set up
www.voterepublican.net.
"I
wanted to be involved promoting
Republican
conservatives. But I didn't
have the time to get involved
with the parties or be an
activist in that sense. The
Internet gave me the opportunity
to be active and work
at it on my schedule."
Starting last August, Mr.
Main, who works in a bank,
started putting in six to
seven hours a day on weekends
and at nights building his
Web site. Now, he has about
1,500 visits a month and
he has cut his work on the site
to an hour or two a day.
The site has a cartoon logo
of a smiling elephant
cradling a baby elephant
swaddled in an American flag.
It contains a directory
and links to conservative
Republican Web sites and
to a wide array of
conservative publications
and groups. It also posts
letters from viewers and
holds some discussions on
conservative issues.
"The thrust of our site is
to provide information," Mr.
Main said. "There is all
this information out there and
voters can have a choice
about what they want to gather
and how they want to act
on that. Before, they just had
to rely on the local party
or reading newspapers."
On the other side of the
political spectrum is Robin
Orlowski, a junior at Texas
Woman's University in
Denton, Tex. She runs the
PioneerGrrrl Web site,
which contains essays by
Ms. Orlowski supporting
Democratic and female candidates
and attacking the
Republicans. It also has
links to pro-Democratic sites
and anti-Bush ones.
Ms. Orlowski plans to participate
in more traditional
campaigning this fall, but
she sees her site as a way of
expressing her liberal views
cheaply and in the spirit of
free and open debate.
"These sites will increase
democracy in the long run,"
Ms. Orlowski said. "You
don't have tightly scripted
campaigns as the sole voice.
You will have
independent citizens voicing
their opinions in a way
they couldn't before. It's
because the Internet is dirt
cheap and it costs money
to print campaign materials.
The Internet is a great
free opportunity."
And as Mr. Bush and Mr. Gore
know well, it also
provides an opportunity
for critics to exploit their
foibles. For instance, www.all
gore.com, recently
featured a parody of Mr.
Gore saying, "Elián can live
with me." And anti-Bush
Web sites like
www.georgybush.com
feature parody songs in Spanish
and English that can be
put on CD's for distribution.
The Gore campaign has tried
to take a low-key view of
the sites that make fun
of Mr. Gore. "We try to keep a
good sense of humor about
them," said Todd Webster, a
campaign spokesman.
Moreover, the Democratic
Party has taken a page from
the parody book and brought
forth a number of sites
mocking Republicans, among
them
www.MillionairesForBush
.com, and has picked up
some material from a Comedy
Central Web site that
makes fun of Senator John
McCain of Arizona and
linked it to the party's
own site (www. democrats.org).
Even if much of the material
is in jest, however, the
creators of these parody
Web sites say their intent is
serious. "We will play a
small role in the campaign
because there are many people
coming to our site and
who have heard what I have
to say," said Zack Exley,
creator of the gwbush.com
site, which he says gets
300,000 to 500,000 visits
a month. "I am trying to make
some points that have not
been made in the mainstream
media."
In a join-them-rather-than-fight-them
effort, the
Republican National Committee
has decided to
improve its own Web site
-- it has 10 percent of the
150 staff members at its
headquarters devoted to
Internet campaigning --
so that voters might be more
inclined to visit the official
committee site
(www.rnc.org) rather than
to drift into unofficial sites.
And the party is making banners,
logos and other
material available on its
site for supporters to
download onto their sites.
In addition, the national
party is sponsoring a workshop
-- "Winning in a Web
World" -- in June to help
party organizers and
grass-roots supporters with
Web campaigning and
design. The party is also
putting large disclaimers on
material on its Web site,
so that if it is lifted by groups
the party does not approve
of, a message comes up
saying the Republican Party
does not endorse the
content of any other Web
site.
On the Democratic side, the
party is asking the
Commerce Department to see
whether official Web
sites for federal candidates
should have a separate
domain suffix -- .elect
or .pol -- to differentiate
themselves from unofficial
sites. This request was
made after a grass-roots
site said that it was an official
Democratic site and began
to collect campaign money.
(The site later disappeared.)
"We see the Web as the best
campaign tool since the
phone and the television,"
said Larry Purpuro, the
deputy chief of staff for
the Republican National
Committee and head of its
eGOP project. "We don't see
it as a foe or a threat,
but as a great opportunity. We've
said, 'It's digital or die.'
If we don't embrace, exploit
and learn from it, we could
be displaced in lots of our
activities."